Psychotherapist is the mental health specialist, a Psychiatrist or a Psychologist, who has received specific training in psychotherapy (of a specific direction) and is capable of practicing this kind of therapeutic intervention to people who need it. He/she works according to the rules and principles of the psychotherapy school he/she belongs to.
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Until a century ago, Psychiatry treated any mental deviations, in the logic of the "Psychic" pathology.
Sigmund Freud was the one who “stirred the waters” by introducing the concept of Psychoanalysis, that was the interpretation of Psychic phenomena and events, thus laying the foundations of Psychotherapy.
Since then, many therapists and others tried to continue, add or even challenge Freud's work, forming Psychotherapy as it is known today, an acclaimed Mental Intervention with no longer incontestable effectiveness.
Many psychotherapeutic approaches exist today. The most known are Psychoanalysis (or Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy), Cognitive Behavioral Psychotherapy and Systemic Psychotherapy, performed either on an individual level or in groups.
The duration and frequency of each of the above varies and depends on the patient and the issues he or she is experiencing.
Efficacy also varies. From studies performed, Cognitive Behavioral Psychotherapy seems to have the best therapeutic results in the best possible time.
The Cognitive Behavioral Psychotherapy (CBT) is the most modern and flexible psychotherapeutic intervention of our time.
Father of the method is considered to be Aaron Beck, a psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who attempted to form a psychotherapeutic intervention, which would be quick, effective and able to provide answers and solutions to the problems we face today.
He combined the virtues of Psychoanalysis and Behaviorism and, building on this theoretical background, developed techniques and mechanisms for exploring and solving problems in the psyche of the individual.
He introduced what we call "Cooperative Empiricalism", i.e. the co-operation between the therapist and the patient to be on an equal basis where both use their experiences and knowledge for the benefit of solving the issues of the patient.